Science fiction
Post below copied from the ‘science fiction section’ of the Wiki-Pedia, and this definition suits me the best.
In science fiction, an alien, android, robot, hologram or computer who is described as sentient is usually treated as a fully human character, with similar rights, qualities and capabilities as any other character. Foremost among these properties is human level intelligence (see above), but sentient characters also typically display desire, will, consciousness, ethics, personality, insight, and many other human qualities. Sentience is being used in this context to describe an essential human property that brings all these other qualities with it. The words “sapience”, “self-awareness” and “consciousness” are used in similar ways in science fiction.
Some science fiction plot lines explore ethical concerns analogous to the concerns of advocates of animal rights. In an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation, “The Measure of a Man,” Data, a sentient android, takes legal action to prove that he has the same rights as a human being. In the Star Trek: Voyager episode “Author, Author” the Doctor, a holographic program by nature, fights for his rights as a sentient lifeform. The film Artificial Intelligence: A.I. considers a machine in the form of a small boy which has been given the ability to feel human emotions, including the capacity to suffer. In these examples, sentience plays the same role as it does in the philosophy of animal rights.
The word sentient is also used to describe the Agent programs in The Matrix, however in this case it only means that these programs are self-aware, self-governing and of human-level intelligence – no individuality or personality is inferred.[dubious – discuss]
In many science fiction works sentience is often used as a synomym for sapience meaning “human-level or higher intelligence”. But others make a distinction; for example, in David Brin’s Uplift stories, the Tandu are undoubtedly sapient (both technologically skilled and cunning) but only marginally sentient, since they regard other races and sometimes other Tandu mainly as potential prey.[citation needed]
In the science fiction MMORPG “Jumpgate” “sentients” are special specimens of the otherwise AI-species “Conflux” which are controlled by employers of the game company in special events to create a greater challange for the players than the usual computer-controlled NPCs.